File 10 B Couchsurfing around the world

File 10 B Couchsurf round the world!

Click on the link and read the real newspaper article

http://www.telegraph.co.uk/travel/hubs/gapyear/2551532/Couch-surfing-going-it-alone.html

Or join Couchsurfing.com:

https://www.couchsurfing.org/´

File 10 B Going to - Plans

GOING TO

There is no one 'future tense' in English. There are 4 future forms. The one which is used most often in spoken English is 'going to', not 'will'.

We use 'going to' when we want to talk about a plan for the future.

• I'm going to see him later today.
• They're going to launch it next month.
• We're going to have lunch first.
• She's going to see what she can do.
• I'm not going to talk for very long.

Notice that this plan does not have to be for the near future.

• When I retire I'm going to go back to Barbados to live.
• In ten years time, I'm going to be boss of my own successful company.

We use 'going to' when we want to make a prediction based on evidence we can see now.

• Look out! That cup is going to fall off.
• Look at those black clouds. It's going to rain soon.
• These figures are really bad. We're going to make a loss.
• You look very tired. You're going to need to stop soon.

We can replace 'going to go' by 'going'.

• I'm going out later.
• She's going to the exhibition tomorrow.

Click on these links and do the exercises:

http://learnenglishkids.britishcouncil.org/en/grammar-games/going-plans

http://www.englishgrammarsecrets.com/goingtofuture/exercise2.html

http://www.englishgrammarsecrets.com/goingtofuture/exercise4.html

File 9 C Comparatives and superlatives

Comparative and superlative adjectives

The comparative form of an adjective is used for comparing two people or things (e.g. he is taller than me), while the superlative is used for comparing one person or thing with every other member of their group (e.g. he was the tallest boy in the class).

Adjectives make their comparative and superlative forms in different ways, depending on the base adjective itself. Here’s a quick-reference guide to the spelling of comparative and superlative adjectives:

Adjectives with one syllable

In general, if the adjective has one syllable, then the letters -er or -est are added:

warm warmer warmest

quick quicker quickest

tall taller tallest

Adjectives with one syllable ending in e

If the adjective has one syllable and ends in e, just add -r or -st:

late later latest

nice nicer nicest

large larger largest

Adjectives with two syllables

Adjectives with two syllables vary. Some add -er/-est or -r/-st:

feeble feebler feeblest

Some use the words ‘more’ for the comparative and ‘most’ for the superlative:

famous more famous most famous

Many can do either, like clever:

clever cleverer/more clever cleverest/most clever

Adjectives with three syllables or more

If the adjective has three syllables or more, then the words ‘more’ and ‘most’ are used:

interesting more interesting most interesting

attractive more attractive most attractive

Adjectives that change their spelling

Some adjectives change their spelling when forming the comparative and superlative:

• Some one-syllable adjectives that end with a single consonant (e.g. big, wet, sad, fat) double this consonant before adding -er or -est:

big bigger biggest

wet wetter wettest

sad sadder saddest

• If the adjective ends in y (e.g. happy, greedy, or tidy), change the y to an i and add -er or -est:

happy happier happiest

greedy greedier greediest

tidy tidier tidiest

• Some common adjectives have irregular comparative and superlative forms that you just have to learn:

bad worse worst

good better best

little (of a quantity) less least

much more most

File 9 C Comparatives

When we talk about two things, we can "compare" them. We can see if they are the same or different. Perhaps they are the same in some ways and different in other ways. We can use comparative adjectives to describe the differences.

Formation of Comparative Adjectives

There are two ways to make or form a comparative adjective:

• short adjectives: add "-er"
• long adjectives: use "more"

Short adjectives
1-syllable adjectives	old, fast
2-syllable adjectives ending in –y	happy, easy
Normal rule: add "-er"	old → older
Variation: if the adjective ends in -e, just add –r	late → later
Variation: if the adjective ends in consonant, vowel, consonant, double the last consonant	big → bigger
Variation: if the adjective ends in -y, change the y to i	happy → happier
Long adjectives
2-syllable adjectives not ending in –y	modern, pleasant
all adjectives of 3 or more syllables	expensive, intellectual
Normal rule: use "more"	modern → more modern expensive → more expensive

 With some 2-syllable adjectives, we can use '-er' or 'more':

• quiet → quieter/more quiet
• clever → cleverer/more clever
• narrow → narrower/more narrow
• simple → simpler/more simple

Exception
The following adjectives have irregular forms:

• good → better
• well (healthy) → better
• bad → worse
• far → farther/further